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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TinkerGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. TinkerGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTinkerGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeSearch engineGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score0.08
Rank#348  Overall
#35  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchtinkerpop.apache.org/­docs/­current/­reference/­#tinkergraph-gremlin
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­search
DeveloperGoogleGoogleMicrosoft
Initial release2017201120152009
Current release1.23, February 2021V1
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++Java
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APITinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
Groovy
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesno
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesoptional
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noyes infousing Azure authenticationno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTinkerGraph
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