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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Linter vs. RavenDB vs. TerminusDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LevelDB vs. Linter vs. RavenDB vs. TerminusDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDBMS for high security requirementsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseScalable Graph Database platform making enterprise data available by exploiting inferred entities and relationships
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score0.17
Rank#325  Overall
#29  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­google/­leveldblinter.ruravendb.netterminusdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdravendb.net/­docsterminusdb.github.io/­terminusdb/­#
DeveloperGoogleGooglerelex.ruHibernating RhinosDataChemist Ltd.
Initial release20172011199020102018
Current release1.23, February 20215.4, July 202211.0.0, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoGPL V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C and C++C#Prolog, Rust
Server operating systemshostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like query language (WOQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
OWL
RESTful HTTP API
WOQL (Web Object Query Language)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLyesyes
Triggersnonoyesyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingGraph Partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationJournaling Streams
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyesyes infoin-memory journaling
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseRole-based access control

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLevelDBLinterRavenDBTerminusDB infoformer name was DataChemist
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