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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LMDB vs. Raima Database Manager vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LMDB vs. Raima Database Manager vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_Vista  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryRDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into an application or used as a database serverRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#120  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score0.40
Rank#268  Overall
#125  Relational DBMS
#21  Time Series DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbraima.comrdf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.raima.comrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleSymasRaima Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017201119842004
Current release0.9.32, January 202415, June 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageCCJava
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows
Android
HP-UX
Integrity RTOS
iOS
Linux
OS X
QNX
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoExporting/Importing of XML structures possible
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Objective-C
PL/SQL
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infobased on the ANSI/ISO SQL Persistent Stored Modules (PSM) specificationyes
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneSource-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nonono
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerLMDBRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsRaima Database Manager (RDM) is an embedded time-series database optimized to run...
» more
Competitive advantagesDecreased time-to-market Industry-standard interfaces & tools for making your job...
» more
Typical application scenariosTypical use cases include: Internet of Things (IoT) Embedded In-Memory Database Time-Series...
» more
Key customersInfor, ABB, The Boeing Company, BAE Systems, Dow Jones, Dun & Bradstreet, Fujitsu,...
» more
Market metricsOver 30 000 applications developers worldwide have field-tested RDM products More...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsJust as the technical aspects of Raima Database Manager are flexible, so are the...
» more
News

RaimaDB and QNX Forge a Powerful Partnership in Embedded Systems
9 July 2024

Raima Unveils RaimaDB 16.0: Elevating Database Performance and User Experience
29 February 2024

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v15, a Powerful Embedded Time Series Database
10 June 2021

Raima Announces Release of Raima Database Manager (RDM) v14.2, a Powerful IoT Edge Embedded Database
8 October 2020

Raima Joins BlackBerry QNX Channel Partner Program to Deliver Safety-Critical and Secure Software Solutions
1 October 2020

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLMDBRaima Database Manager infoformerly named db_VistaRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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