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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Sequoiadb

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryFully managed big data interactive analytics platformNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#120  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.42
Rank#263  Overall
#41  Document stores
#121  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperGoogleSymasMicrosoftSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release2017201120192013
Current release0.9.32, January 2024cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCC++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJavaScript
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory Authenticationsimple password-based access control

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerLMDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSequoiadb
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