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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kinetica vs. NebulaGraph vs. RDF4J

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Fully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMSRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.kinetica.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
rdf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.kinetica.comdocs.nebula-graph.iordf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleKineticaVesoft Inc.Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release2017201220192004
Current release7.1, August 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++C++Java
Server operating systemshostedLinuxLinuxLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesStrong typed schemayes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like query languageno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsuser defined functionsyes
Triggersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationCausal Clustering using Raft protocolnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infousing RocksDByes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles on table levelRole-based access controlno
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerKineticaNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsNebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesNebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariosSocial networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersCompanies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricsAt our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsNebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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Google Cloud SpannerKineticaNebulaGraphRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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