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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.71
Rank#226  Overall
#33  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.keydb.devdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.MicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2017201920161994
Current release18.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoBSD-3commercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinuxhostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoLuaTransact SQLno
Triggersnononoyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)simple password-based access control and ACLyesno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DB
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