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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kdb vs. MaxDB vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kdb vs. MaxDB vs. Memgraph vs. NebulaGraph

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMemgraph  Xexclude from comparisonNebulaGraph  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.High performance Time Series DBMSA robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsAn open source graph database built for real-time streaming and compatible with Neo4jA distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score7.71
Rank#49  Overall
#2  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#94  Overall
#8  Graph DBMS
Score2.23
Rank#116  Overall
#10  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerkx.commaxdb.sap.commemgraph.comgithub.com/­vesoft-inc/­nebula
www.nebula-graph.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscode.kx.commaxdb.sap.com/­documentationmemgraph.com/­docsdocs.nebula-graph.io
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterFacebookGitHubDiscord
DeveloperGoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Memgraph LtdVesoft Inc.
Initial release20172000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003198420172019
Current release3.6, May 20187.9.10.12, February 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versioncommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoBSL 1.1; commercial license for enterprise edition availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageqC++C and C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
LinuxLinux
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free and schema-optionalStrong typed schema
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'yesyes infoNebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (q)yesnoSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis infoORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Elixir
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsyesuser defined functions
Triggersnoyes infowith viewsyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infodynamic graph partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replication using RAFTCausal Clustering using Raft protocol
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyesyes inforelationships in graphsyes infoRelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID infowith snapshot isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith periodic snapshot and write-ahead logging (WAL) of changesyes infousing RocksDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers, roles and permissionsRole-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerKdbMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMemgraphNebulaGraph
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Memgraph directly connects to your streaming infrastructure so you and your team...
» more
NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Business Source License ensures a future for the Memgraph community MAGE algorithm...
» more
NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Graph algorithms in bioinformatics Social network analysis Cryptocurrency network...
» more
Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more
You can check out our pricing model and licenses on the company website .
» more
NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerKdbMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMemgraphNebulaGraph
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