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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kdb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Kdb vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonKdb  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonSequoiadb  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.High performance Time Series DBMSEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerNewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Key-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score7.55
Rank#53  Overall
#3  Time Series DBMS
#1  Vector DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#261  Overall
#41  Document stores
#122  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerkx.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.sequoiadb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscode.kx.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.sequoiadb.com/­en/­index.php?m=Files&a=index
DeveloperGoogleKx Systems, a division of First Derivatives plcGoogleMicrosoftSequoiadb Ltd.
Initial release20172000 infokdb was released 2000, kdb+ in 2003201120162013
Current release3.6, May 20181.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree 32-bit versionOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoServer: AGPL; Client: Apache V2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageqC++C++C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes infooid, date, timestamp, binary, regex
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnonono
Secondary indexesyesyes infotable attribute 'grouped'noyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query language (q)noyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
JDBC
Jupyter
Kafka
ODBC
WebSocket
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol using JSON
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Go
J
Java
JavaScript
Lua
MatLab
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
PHP
.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functionsnoTransact SQLJavaScript
Triggersnoyes infowith viewsnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationnoneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno infosimilar paradigm used for internal processingnonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnonoACIDDocument is locked during a transaction
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)rights management via user accountsnoyessimple password-based access control
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerKdbLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSequoiadb
Specific characteristicsIntegrated columnar database & programming system for streaming, real time and historical...
» more
Competitive advantagesprovides seamless scalability; runs on industry standard server platforms; is top-ranked...
» more
Typical application scenariostick database streaming sensor data massive intelligence applications oil and gas...
» more
Key customersGoldman Sachs Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch J.P. Morgan Deutsche Bank IEX Securities...
» more
Market metricskdb+ performance and reliability proven by our customers in critical infrastructure...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsupon request
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerKdbLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseSequoiadb
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