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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Sadas Engine

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Sadas Engine

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonSadas Engine  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.Widely used in-process key-value storeSADAS Engine is a columnar DBMS specifically designed for high performance in data warehouse environments
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.24
Rank#305  Overall
#43  Key-value stores
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#158  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
www.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.sadasengine.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.immudb.iodocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.sadasengine.com/­en/­sadas-engine-download-free-trial-and-documentation/­#documentation
DeveloperGoogleCodenotaryOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by OracleSADAS s.r.l.
Initial release2017202019942006
Current release1.2.3, April 202218.1.40, May 20208.0
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infocommercial license availablecommercial infofree trial version available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C++
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
AIX
Linux
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like syntaxyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononono
Triggersnonoyes infoonly for the SQL APIno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Source-replica replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes infomanaged by 'Learn by Usage'
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users, groups and roles according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerImmudbOracle Berkeley DBSadas Engine
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