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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. InfinityDB vs. Ingres

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Immudb vs. InfinityDB vs. Ingres

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonImmudb  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceWell established RDBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.31
Rank#295  Overall
#42  Key-value stores
Score0.08
Rank#365  Overall
#55  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­codenotary/­immudb
immudb.io
boilerbay.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingres
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsdocs.immudb.ioboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualdocs.actian.com/­ingres
DeveloperGoogleCodenotaryBoiler Bay Inc.Actian Corporation
Initial release2017202020021974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s
Current release1.2.3, April 20224.011.2, May 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC
Server operating systemshostedBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
All OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available
Secondary indexesyesyesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like syntaxnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononoyes
Triggersnononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneIngres Replicator
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerImmudbInfinityDBIngres
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