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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Apache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.16
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticswww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleApache Software FoundationMicrosoftOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release2017201520161994
Current releaseApache Ignite 2.618.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++, Java, .NetC++C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Transact SQLno
Triggersnoyes (cache interceptors and events)noyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes (replicated cache)yesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)nono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsyesno

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIgniteMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseOracle Berkeley DB
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