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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. RavenDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Cloud-based data warehousing serviceEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value storeSearch engineDocument store
Secondary database modelsVector DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score5.59
Rank#63  Overall
#7  Search engines
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousegithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchravendb.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdlearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperGoogleIBMGoogleMicrosoftHibernating Rhinos
Initial release20172014201120152010
Current release1.23, February 2021V15.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDcommercialOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C#
Server operating systemshostedhostedIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possiblenono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnonoSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoPL/SQL, SQL PLnonoyes
Triggersnoyesnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnonoACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnoyes infousing Azure authenticationAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure AI SearchRavenDB
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