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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Db2 vs. OrigoDB vs. PostgreSQL vs. UniData,UniVerse

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 infoformerly named DB2 or IBM Database 2  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonUniData,UniVerse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Common in IBM host environments, 2 different versions for host and Windows/LinuxA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLMultiValue database and application server with SQL mapping layer and meta database capabilities
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infoSince Version 10.5 support for JSON/BSON documents compatible with MongoDBDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Relational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Multivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
RDF store infoin Db2 LUW (Linux, Unix, Windows)
Spatial DBMS infowith Db2 Spatial Extender
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score125.90
Rank#9  Overall
#6  Relational DBMS
Score0.06
Rank#380  Overall
#50  Document stores
#19  Object oriented DBMS
Score636.25
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#98  Overall
#1  Multivalue DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2origodb.comwww.postgresql.orgwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-unidata
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.ibm.com/­docs/­en/­db2origodb.com/­docswww.postgresql.org/­docsdocs.rocketsoftware.com/­bundle?cluster=true&labelkey=unidata&labelkey=prod_unidata
DeveloperGoogleIBMRobert Friberg et alPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerRocket Software
Initial release20171983 infohost version2009 infounder the name LiveDB1989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL1985
Current release12.1, October 201616.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infofree version is availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoBSDcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC and C++C#CC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
z/OS
Linux
Windows
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyesoptional
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infocan be achieved using .NETyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoyes infostandard with numerous extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
JSON style queries infoMongoDB compatible
ODBC
XQuery
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Java API infoJPA
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
SOAP-based API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Delphi
Fortran
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
Basic infoU2 Basic
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes
Triggersnoyesyes infoDomain Eventsyesyes infoU2 Basic
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoonly with Windows/Unix/Linux Versionhorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infowith separate tools (MQ, InfoSphere)Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesdepending on modelyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDACIDACID infoconfigurable
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based authorizationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights according to SQL-standard and operating system based

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More resources
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