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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LMDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hypertable vs. IBM Cloudant vs. LMDB vs. Oracle Berkeley DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHypertable  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparison
Hypertable has stopped its further development with March 2016 and is removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.An open source BigTable implementation based on distributed file systems such as HadoopDatabase as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryWidely used in-process key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSWide column storeDocument storeKey-value storeKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.75
Rank#104  Overall
#19  Document stores
Score2.09
Rank#121  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
Score2.01
Rank#126  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.html
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantwww.lmdb.tech/­docdocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.html
DeveloperGoogleHypertable Inc.IBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014SymasOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172009201020111994
Current release0.9.8.11, March 20160.9.32, January 202418.1.40, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGNU version 3. Commercial license availablecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infocommercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++ErlangCC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows infoan inofficial Windows port is available
hostedLinux
Unix
Windows
AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnonono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML edition
Secondary indexesyesrestricted infoonly exact value or prefix value scansyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nononoyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is available
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptnono
Triggersnonoyesnoyes infoonly for the SQL API
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.selectable replication factor on file system levelMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
noneSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnono infoatomic operations within a document possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAccess rights for users can be defined per databasenono

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHypertableIBM CloudantLMDBOracle Berkeley DB
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