DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. KairosDB vs. NebulaGraph

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. KairosDB vs. NebulaGraph

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.

Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java

also known as HSQLDB

Distributed Time Series DBMS based on Cassandra or H2

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.69
Rank	#101	Overall
	#51	Relational DBMS

Score	3.14
Rank	#85	Overall
	#46	Relational DBMS

Score	0.60
Rank	#238	Overall
	#20	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.92
Rank	#122	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/spanner

hsqldb.org

github.com/kairosdb/kairosdb

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/spanner/docs

hsqldb.org/web/hsqlDocsFrame.html

kairosdb.github.io

docs.nebula-graph.io

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

Initial release

2017

2001

2013

2019

Current release

2.7.2, June 2023

1.2.2, November 2018

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

based on BSD license

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Embedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modes

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Strong typed schema

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

Query statements complying to ANSI 2011

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC

At present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API

HTTP API

JDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC

Graphite protocol
HTTP REST
Telnet API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java

Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java, SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

based on Cassandra

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.

none

selectable replication factor

based on Cassandra

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

based on Cassandra
Immediate Consistency

based on Cassandra

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

by using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Strict serializable isolation

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

simple password-based access control

Role-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
» more

Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
» more

Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
» more

Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

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