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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. LokiJS vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. LokiJS vs. MonetDB vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonMonetDB  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridIn-memory JavaScript DBMSA relational database management system that stores data in columnsTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Score1.72
Rank#145  Overall
#67  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comgithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJSwww.monetdb.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJSwww.monetdb.org/­Documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastMonetDB BVApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20172008201420042014
Current release5.3.6, November 2023Dec2023 (11.49), December 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen SourceOpen Source infoMozilla Public License 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScriptCC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infovia viewsyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languagenoyes infoSQL 2003 with some extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
JavaScript APIJDBC
native C library infoMAPI library (MonetDB application programming interface)
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
JavaScriptC
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesView functions in JavaScriptyes, in SQL, C, RJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyes infoEventsyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding via remote tablesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated Mapnonenone infoSource-replica replication available in experimental statusyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesyesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmnoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHazelcastLokiJSMonetDBTrafodion
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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