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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter vs. LokiJS vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. Linter vs. LokiJS vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridRDBMS for high security requirementsIn-memory JavaScript DBMSTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score0.09
Rank#346  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comlinter.rugithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJStrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docstechfort.github.io/­LokiJStrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastrelex.ruApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20172008199020142014
Current release5.3.6, November 20232.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC and C++JavaScriptC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)Linux
Data schemeyesschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia viewsyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languageyesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
JavaScript APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
JavaScriptAll languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLView functions in JavaScriptJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyes infoEventsyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapSource-replica replicationnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyesyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitedACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.yes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHazelcastLinterLokiJSTrafodion
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