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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. LevelDB vs. RavenDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Hazelcast vs. LevelDB vs. RavenDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A widely adopted in-memory data gridEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document Database
Primary database modelRelational DBMSKey-value storeKey-value storeDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Graph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerhazelcast.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbravendb.net
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdravendb.net/­docs
DeveloperGoogleHazelcastGoogleHibernating Rhinos
Initial release2017200820112010
Current release5.3.6, November 20231.23, February 20215.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++C#
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like query languagenoSQL-like query language (RQL)
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor Servicesnoyes
Triggersnoyes infoEventsnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes infoReplicated MapnoneMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesnoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmImmediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoACID, Cluster-wide transaction available
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access controlnoAuthorization levels configured per client per database

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerHazelcastLevelDBRavenDB
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