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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Milvus vs. RavenDB vs. Titan

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. Milvus vs. RavenDB vs. Titan

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSDocument storeGraph DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.commilvus.ioravendb.netgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmlmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdravendb.net/­docsgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wiki
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerHibernating RhinosAurelius, owned by DataStax
Initial release20172005201920102012
Current release2.2.220, July 20232.3.4, January 20245.4, July 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache license, version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaC++, GoC#Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoSQL-like query language (RQL)no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaC++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Clojure
Java
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsnoyesyes
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backends
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseMulti-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyesyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engine
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesnonoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDnoACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcast
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Server
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerH2MilvusRavenDBTitan
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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Google Cloud SpannerH2MilvusRavenDBTitan
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