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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Milvus

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2 vs. JanusGraph vs. Kyligence Enterprise vs. Milvus

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonJanusGraph infosuccessor of Titan  Xexclude from comparisonKyligence Enterprise  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.A Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters infoIt was forked from the latest code base of Titan in January 2017A distributed analytics engine for big data, built on top of Apache KylinA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score1.94
Rank#129  Overall
#12  Graph DBMS
Score0.40
Rank#269  Overall
#124  Relational DBMS
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.comjanusgraph.orgkyligence.io/­kyligence-enterprisemilvus.io
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.janusgraph.orgmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.md
DeveloperGoogleThomas MuellerLinux Foundation; originally developed as Titan by AureliusKyligence, Inc.
Initial release20172005201720162019
Current release2.2.220, July 20230.6.3, February 20232.3.4, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaC++, Go
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Data schemeyesyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesVector, Numeric and String
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesnoANSI SQL for queries (using Apache Calcite)no
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaClojure
Java
Python
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functionsyesno
Triggersnoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneyes infodepending on the used storage backend (e.g. Cassandra, HBase, BerkeleyDB)Sharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesyes infoRelationships in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph ServerRole based access control and fine grained access rights
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerH2JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanKyligence EnterpriseMilvus
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerH2JanusGraph infosuccessor of TitanKyligence EnterpriseMilvus
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