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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Postgres-XL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graphite vs. IBM Db2 warehouse vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Postgres-XL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDB  Xexclude from comparisonOracle Berkeley DB  Xexclude from comparisonPostgres-XL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperCloud-based data warehousing serviceWidely used in-process key-value storeBased on PostgreSQL enhanced with MPP and write-scale-out cluster features
Primary database modelRelational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMSKey-value store infosupports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS infoin the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score1.30
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#117  Overall
#20  Key-value stores
#3  Native XML DBMS
Score0.49
Rank#256  Overall
#117  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannergithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.ibm.com/­products/­db2/­warehousewww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­berkeleydb.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.oracle.com/­cd/­E17076_05/­html/­index.htmlwww.postgres-xl.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisIBMOracle infooriginally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle
Initial release20172006201419942014 infosince 2012, originally named StormDB
Current release18.1.40, May 202010 R1, October 2018
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infocommercial license availableOpen Source infoMozilla public license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languagePythonC, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)C
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
hostedAIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows
Linux
macOS
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesNumeric data onlyyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infoImport/export of XML data possibleyes infoonly with the Berkeley DB XML editionyes infoXML type, but no XML query functionality
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesyes infoSQL interfaced based on SQLite is availableyes infodistributed, parallel query execution
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API
Sockets
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
.Net infoFigaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others infoThird-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Erlang
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoPL/SQL, SQL PLnouser defined functions
Triggersnonoyesyes infoonly for the SQL APIyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACIDACID infoMVCC
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphiteIBM Db2 warehouse infoformerly named IBM dashDBOracle Berkeley DBPostgres-XL
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