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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Riak KV

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Riak KV

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRiak KV  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDistributed, fault tolerant key-value store
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSKey-value store infowith links between data sets and object tags for the creation of secondary indexes
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.10
Rank#82  Overall
#9  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticswww.tiot.jp/­riak-docs/­riak/­kv/­latest
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextMicrosoftOpenSource, formerly Basho Technologies
Initial release2017200020162009
Current release10.4, October 20233.2.0, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2, commercial enterprise edition
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++Erlang
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesrestricted
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP API
Native Erlang Interface
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
C infounofficial client library
C#
C++ infounofficial client library
Clojure infounofficial client library
Dart infounofficial client library
Erlang
Go infounofficial client library
Groovy infounofficial client library
Haskell infounofficial client library
Java
JavaScript infounofficial client library
Lisp infounofficial client library
Perl infounofficial client library
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala infounofficial client library
Smalltalk infounofficial client library
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLErlang
Triggersnononoyes infopre-commit hooks and post-commit hooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding infono "single point of failure"
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationyesselectable replication factor
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno infolinks between data sets can be stored
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yesyes, using Riak Security
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRiak KV
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRiak KV
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