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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. InfinityDB vs. LevelDB vs. Memcached

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. InfinityDB vs. LevelDB vs. Memcached

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonInfinityDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMemcached  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A Java embedded Key-Value Store which extends the Java Map interfaceEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesIn-memory key-value store, originally intended for caching
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeKey-value storeKey-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score0.00
Rank#378  Overall
#57  Key-value stores
Score2.35
Rank#111  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score19.42
Rank#32  Overall
#4  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comboilerbay.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbwww.memcached.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationboilerbay.com/­infinitydb/­manualgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdgithub.com/­memcached/­memcached/­wiki
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextBoiler Bay Inc.GoogleDanga Interactive infooriginally developed by Brad Fitzpatrick for LiveJournal
Initial release20172000200220112003
Current release10.4, October 20234.01.23, February 20211.6.25, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoBSD license
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++C
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes infonested virtual Java Maps, multi-value, logical ‘tuple space’ runtime Schema upgradeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyes infoall Java primitives, Date, CLOB, BLOB, huge sparse arraysnono
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynono
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCnonono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Access via java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentNavigableMap Interface
Proprietary API to InfinityDB ItemSpace (boilerbay.com/­docs/­ItemSpaceDataStructures.htm)
Proprietary protocol
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
JavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilitynonono
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenonenonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationnonenonenone infoRepcached, a Memcached patch, provides this functionallity
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency infoREAD-COMMITTED or SERIALIZEDImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingno infomanual creation possible, using inversions based on multi-value capabilitynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID infoOptimistic locking for transactions; no isolation for bulk loadsnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesno
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.nonoyes infousing SASL (Simple Authentication and Security Layer) protocol
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMInfinityDBLevelDBMemcached
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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