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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Hazelcast vs. Milvus vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. Hazelcast vs. Milvus vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A widely adopted in-memory data gridA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Key-value storeVector DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score5.97
Rank#57  Overall
#6  Key-value stores
Score2.31
Rank#113  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comhazelcast.commilvus.iotrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextHazelcastApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20172000200820192014
Current release10.4, October 20235.3.6, November 20232.3.4, January 20242.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, GoC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
Data schemeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategynono
Secondary indexesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query languagenoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnonoyes infoEventsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneShardingShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationyes infoReplicated Mapyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyesnoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Role-based access controlRole based access control and fine grained access rightsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMHazelcastMilvusTrafodion
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
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