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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. Oracle NoSQL vs. Stardog

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonOracle NoSQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA multi-model, scalable, distributed NoSQL database, designed to provide highly reliable, flexible, and available data management across a configurable set of storage nodesEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Document store
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.67
Rank#232  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#34  Key-value stores
Score3.05
Rank#97  Overall
#17  Document stores
#16  Key-value stores
#50  Relational DBMS
Score2.07
Rank#122  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­nosql/­technologies/­nosqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­nosql-database/­index.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftOracleStardog-Union
Initial release2017201020112010
Current release24.1, May 20247.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoProprietary for Enterprise Edition (Oracle Database EE license has Oracle NoSQL database EE covered: details)commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaJava
Server operating systemshosted.NETLinux
Solaris SPARC/x86
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesSupport Fixed schema and Schema-less deployment with the ability to interoperate between them.schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesoptionalyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIRESTful HTTP APIGraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
C
C#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersnononoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Electable source-replica replication per shard. Support distributed global deployment with Multi-region table featureMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowwith Hadoop integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infodepending on configuration
Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoconfigurable infoACID within a storage node (=shard)ACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes infooff heap cacheyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and rolesAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityOracle NoSQLStardog
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