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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. LMDB vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. LMDB vs. Sqrrl vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonSqrrl  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
Sqrrl has been acquired by Amazon and became a part of Amazon Web Services. It has been removed from the DB-Engines ranking.ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryAdaptable, secure NoSQL built on Apache AccumuloA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Key-value storeDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store
Document store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.iowww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdbsqrrl.comgithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.lmdb.tech/­doc
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSymasAmazon infooriginally Sqrrl Data, Inc.8Kdata
Initial release20172010201120122016
Current release0.9.32, January 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen SourcecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CCJavaJava
Server operating systemshosted.NETLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeyesyesschema-freeschema-freeschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011nonono
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIAccumulo Shell
Java API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
Actionscript
C infousing GLib
C#
C++
Cocoa
Delphi
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnono
Triggersnonononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding infomaking use of HadoopSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneselectable replication factor infomaking use of HadoopSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency infoDocument store kept consistent with combination of global timestamping, row-level transactions, and server-side consistency resolution.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDAtomic updates per row, document, or graph entityno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noCell-level Security, Data-Centric Security, Role-Based Access Control (RBAC), Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC)Access rights for users and roles

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityLMDBSqrrlToroDB
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