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DBMS > Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. HyperSQL vs. SurrealDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Spanner vs. Graph Engine vs. HyperSQL vs. SurrealDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonSurrealDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineMultithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBA fully ACID transactional, developer-friendly, multi-model DBMS
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.86
Rank#203  Overall
#34  Document stores
#18  Graph DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.graphengine.iohsqldb.orgsurrealdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualhsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmlsurrealdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSurrealDB Ltd
Initial release2017201020012022
Current release2.7.2, June 2023v1.5.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaRust
Server operating systemshosted.NETAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyesSQL-like query language
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIHTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL
RESTful HTTP API
WebSocket
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
Deno
Go
JavaScript (Node.js)
Rust
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava, SQL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes, based on authentication and database rules

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More resources
Google Cloud SpannerGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBSurrealDB
Recent citations in the news

Google Improves Cloud Spanner: More Compute and Storage without Price Increase
14 October 2023, InfoQ.com

Google makes its Cloud Spanner database service faster and more cost-efficient
11 October 2023, SiliconANGLE News

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