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DBMS > etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. RDF4J vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison etcd vs. Google Cloud Firestore vs. RDF4J vs. Vertica vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
Nameetcd  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Firestore  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA distributed reliable key-value storeCloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument storeRDF storeRelational DBMS infoColumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score7.25
Rank#54  Overall
#5  Key-value stores
Score7.85
Rank#51  Overall
#8  Document stores
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score10.68
Rank#43  Overall
#27  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websiteetcd.io
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd
firebase.google.com/­products/­firestorerdf4j.orgwww.vertica.comgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationetcd.io/­docs
github.com/­etcd-io/­etcd/­tree/­master/­Documentation
firebase.google.com/­docs/­firestorerdf4j.org/­documentationvertica.com/­documentationwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.OpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett PackardJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2017200420052019
Current release3.4, August 201912.0.3, January 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containersno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJavaC++Clojure
Server operating systemsFreeBSD
Linux
Windows infoexperimental
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyes infoRDF SchemasYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.yes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsgRPC
JSON over HTTP
Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python
Java
PHP
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functionsyesyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differencesno
Triggersyes, watching key changesyes, with Cloud Functionsyesyes, called Custom Alertsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioningnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesUsing Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.Multi-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.yes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoUsing Cloud Dataflownono infoBi-directional Spark integrationno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoyesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
etcdGoogle Cloud FirestoreRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™XTDB infoformerly named Crux
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
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Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
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Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
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Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
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Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
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More resources
etcdGoogle Cloud FirestoreRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™XTDB infoformerly named Crux
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