DBMS > Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Firestore vs. H2 vs. Hazelcast vs. LMDB vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Cloud Firestore is an auto-scaling document database for storing, syncing, and querying data for mobile and web apps. It offers seamless integration with other Firebase and Google Cloud Platform products.

Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.

A widely adopted in-memory data grid

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

Document store

JSON support with IMDG 3.12

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	7.85
Rank	#51	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	8.13
Rank	#49	Overall
	#31	Relational DBMS

Score	5.97
Rank	#57	Overall
	#6	Key-value stores

Score	1.99
Rank	#125	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

firebase.google.com/products/firestore

www.h2database.com

hazelcast.com

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

firebase.google.com/docs/firestore

www.h2database.com/html/main.html

hazelcast.org/imdg/docs

www.lmdb.tech/doc

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Google

Thomas Mueller

Hazelcast

Symas

Microsoft

Initial release

2017

2005

2008

2011

2014

Current release

2.2.220, July 2023

5.3.6, November 2023

0.9.32, January 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

dual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)

Open Source

Apache Version 2; commercial licenses available

Open Source

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
Unix
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

the object must implement a serialization strategy

Secondary indexes

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

Android
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
iOS
JavaScript API
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC

JCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
Python

Java

.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes, Firebase Rules & Cloud Functions

Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions

yes

Event Listeners, Executor Services

JavaScript

Triggers

yes, with Cloud Functions

yes

Events

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database

yes

Replicated Map

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Using Cloud Dataflow

yes

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user

Raft Consensus Algorithm

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

one or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commited

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management. Security Rules for 3rd party authentication using Firebase Auth.

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Role-based access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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