DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. XTDB vs. YugabyteDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. XTDB vs. YugabyteDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

High-performance distributed SQL database for global, internet-scale applications. Wire and feature compatible with PostgreSQL.

Primary database model

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store
Wide column store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.62
Rank	#71	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.20
Rank	#314	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Score	2.20
Rank	#108	Overall
	#53	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

www.yugabyte.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

www.xtdb.com/docs

docs.yugabyte.com
github.com/yugabyte/yugabyte-db

Developer

Google

Juxt Ltd.

Yugabyte Inc.

Initial release

2008

2019

2017

Current release

1.19, September 2021

2024.2, December 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Clojure

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Linux
OS X

Data scheme

schema-free

depending on used data model

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes, extensible-data-notation format

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

yes, PostgreSQL compatible

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP REST
JDBC

JDBC
YCQL, an SQL-based flexible-schema API with its roots in Cassandra Query Language
YSQL - a fully relational SQL API that is wire compatible with the SQL language in PostgreSQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Clojure
Java

C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

yes

sql, plpgsql, C

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Hash and Range Sharding, row-level geo-partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes, each node contains all data

Based on Raft distributed consensus protocol, minimum 3 replicas for continuous availability

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Strong consistency on writes and tunable consistency on reads

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Distributed ACID with Serializable & Snapshot Isolation. Inspired by Google Spanner architecture.

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

yes

based on RocksDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

yes

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