DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. OpenSearch vs. SingleStore vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. OpenSearch vs. SingleStore vs. Snowflake vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

MySQL wire-compliant distributed RDBMS that combines an in-memory row-oriented and a disc-based column-oriented storage with patented universal storage to handle transactional and analytical workloads in one single table type

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	5.60
Rank	#62	Overall
	#35	Relational DBMS

Score	121.33
Rank	#9	Overall
	#6	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

www.singlestore.com

www.snowflake.com

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

opensearch.org/docs/latest

docs.singlestore.com

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

Google

Amazon Web Services

SingleStore Inc.

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2021

2013

2014

2019

Current release

2.5.0, January 2023

8.5, January 2024

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

free developer edition available

commercial

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

SingleStoreDB Cloud: The world's fastest, modern cloud database for both operational (OLTP) and analytical (OLAP) workloads. Available instantly with multi-cloud and hybrid-cloud capabilities

Implementation language

Java

C++, Go

Clojure

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux

64 bit version required

hosted

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

yes

but no triggers and foreign keys

yes

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Cluster Management API

as HTTP Rest and CLI
HTTP API
JDBC
MongoDB API
ODBC

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Bash
C
C#
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

yes

user defined functions

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

hash partitioning

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

yes

Source-replica replication

stores two copies of each physical data partition on two separate nodes

yes

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

can define user-defined aggregate functions for map-reduce-style calculations

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

yes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

All updates are persistent, including those to disk-based columnstores and memory-based row stores. Transaction commits are supported via write-ahead log.

yes

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Fine grained access control via users, groups and roles

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
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SingleStore offers a fully-managed , distributed, highly-scalable SQL database designed...
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Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
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SingleStore’s competitive advantages include: Easy and Simplified Architecture with...
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Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
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Driving Fast Analytics: SingleStore delivers the fastest and most scalable reporting...
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Key customers

IEX Cloud : Improves Financial Data Distribution Speed 15x with Singlestore DB Comcast,...
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Market metrics

Customers in various industries worldwide including US and International Industry...
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Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
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F ree Tier and Enterprise Edition
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.