DB-EnginesExtremeDB: mitigate connectivity issues in a DBMSEnglish
Deutsch
Knowledge Base of Relational and NoSQL Database Management Systemsprovided by solid IT

DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Neo4j vs. Stardog vs. Trafodion vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualizationTransactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMSDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelDocument storeGraph DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Score1.44
Rank#158  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastoreneo4j.comwww.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.orgwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsneo4j.com/­docsdocs.stardog.comtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.htmldocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperGoogleNeo4j, Inc.Stardog-UnionApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HPVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20082007201020142010
Current release5.19, April 20247.3.0, May 20202.3.0, February 201911.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availablecommercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/studentsOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJava, ScalaJavaC++, JavaJava, C++
Server operating systemshostedLinux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema supportyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possibleno
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatialyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)noYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Serveryesyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.NetC#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsuser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in JavaJava Stored ProceduresJava
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infovia event handleryes infovia event handlersnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyes using Neo4j FabricnoneShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication in HA-Clusteryes, via HBaseMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBaseno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Immediate Consistency in HA-ClusterImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyes infoRelationships in graphsyes inforelationships in graphsyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsACIDACIDACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Access rights for users and rolesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardUsers and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastoreNeo4jStardogTrafodionVoltDB
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
News

Neo4j Joins the Connect with Confluent Partner Program
16 May 2024

10 Inspiring Projects to Spark Your NODES 2024 Presentation
15 May 2024

New Security Feature in Neo4j Aura: Customer Managed Keys
15 May 2024

Safeguarding Elections: How Graph Technology Powers Groundbreaking Research on Political Ads
13 May 2024

This Week in Neo4j: GraphRAG, Testcontainers, Metadata Management, App Dev and more
11 May 2024

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreNeo4jStardogTrafodionVoltDB
DB-Engines blog posts

Applying Graph Analytics to Game of Thrones
12 June 2019, Amy Hodler & Mark Needham, Neo4j (guest author)

MySQL, PostgreSQL and Redis are the winners of the March ranking
2 March 2016, Paul Andlinger

The openCypher Project: Help Shape the SQL for Graphs
22 December 2015, Emil Eifrem (guest author)

show all

Recent citations in the news

Google Cloud Stops Exit Fees
12 January 2024, Spiceworks News and Insights

BigID Data Intelligence Platform Now Available on Google Cloud Marketplace
6 November 2023, PR Newswire

Best cloud storage of 2024
29 April 2024, TechRadar

What is Google App Engine? | Definition from TechTarget
26 April 2024, TechTarget

Google says it'll stop charging fees to transfer data out of Google Cloud
11 January 2024, TechCrunch

provided by Google News

Neo4j Announces Collaboration with Microsoft to Advance GenAI and Data Solutions USA - English - India - English
26 March 2024, PR Newswire

Neo4j CTO says new Graph Query Language standard will have 'massive ripple effects'
26 April 2024, SiliconANGLE News

Neo4j Is Planning IPO on Nasdaq, Largest Owner Greenbridge Says
15 February 2024, Bloomberg

Neo4j Empowers Syracuse University with $250K Grant to Tackle Misinformation in 2024 Elections
8 May 2024, Datanami

Using Neo4j’s graph database for AI in Azure
4 April 2024, InfoWorld

provided by Google News

Evaluating HTAP Databases for Machine Learning Applications
2 November 2016, KDnuggets

HP Throws Trafodion Hat into OLTP Hadoop Ring
14 July 2014, Datanami

Low-latency, distributed database architectures are critical for emerging fog applications
7 April 2022, Embedded Computing Design

provided by Google News

Unveiling Volt Active Data's game-changing approach to limitless app performance
16 October 2023, YourStory

 VoltDB Launches Active(N) Lossless Cross Data Center Replication
31 August 2021, PR Newswire

VoltDB Turns to Real-Time Analytics with NewSQL Database
30 January 2014, Datanami

VoltDB Upgrades Power, Security of Its In-Memory Database
1 February 2017, eWeek

VoltDB Adds Geospatial Support, Cross-Site Replication
28 January 2016, The New Stack

provided by Google News



Share this page

Featured Products

AllegroGraph logo

Graph Database Leader for AI Knowledge Graph Applications - The Most Secure Graph Database Available.
Free Download

Milvus logo

Vector database designed for GenAI, fully equipped for enterprise implementation.
Try Managed Milvus for Free

Neo4j logo

See for yourself how a graph database can make your life easier.
Use Neo4j online for free.

RaimaDB logo

RaimaDB, embedded database for mission-critical applications. When performance, footprint and reliability matters.
Try RaimaDB for free.

Datastax Astra logo

Bring all your data to Generative AI applications with vector search enabled by the most scalable
vector database available.
Try for Free

Present your product here