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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. TimescaleDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDF4J vs. TimescaleDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTimescaleDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFully managed big data interactive analytics platformRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRDF storeTime Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score4.64
Rank#71  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastoreazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrdf4j.orgwww.timescale.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.timescale.com
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Timescale
Initial release2008201920042017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases2.15.0, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesnumerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyes
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infofull PostgreSQL SQL syntax
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
PHP
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App EngineYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesuser defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneyes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using Paxosyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneSource-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas info
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud DataflowSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Azure Active Directory Authenticationnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud DatastoreMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimescaleDB
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