DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Lovefield vs. Spark SQL vs. TimescaleDB vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A time series DBMS optimized for fast ingest and complex queries, based on PostgreSQL

Distributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS

Used for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.36
Rank	#72	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	4.46
Rank	#71	Overall
	#5	Time Series DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#157	Overall
	#73	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

google.github.io/lovefield

spark.apache.org/sql

www.timescale.com

www.voltdb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

docs.timescale.com

docs.voltdb.com

Developer

Google

Apache Software Foundation

Timescale

VoltDB Inc.

Initial release

2008

2014

2017

2010

Current release

2.1.12, February 2017

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

2.15.0, May 2024

11.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

AGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Scala

Java, C++

Server operating systems

hosted

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X

for development

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

numerics, strings, booleans, arrays, JSON blobs, geospatial dimensions, currencies, binary data, other complex data types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

full PostgreSQL SQL syntax

yes

only a subset of SQL 99

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

JavaScript

Java
Python
R
Scala

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

C#
C++
Erlang

not officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

user defined functions, PL/pgSQL, PL/Tcl, PL/Perl, PL/Python, PL/Java, PL/PHP, PL/R, PL/Ruby, PL/Scheme, PL/Unix shell

Java

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

yes, utilizing Spark Core

yes, across time and space (hash partitioning) attributes

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

Source-replica replication with hot standby and reads on replicas

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

yes

FOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Transactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Data access is serialized by the server

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

Snapshots and command logging

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users and roles with access to stored procedures

More information provided by the system vendor

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