DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. OpenSearch vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. LevelDB vs. OpenSearch vs. RDF4J vs. Sequoiadb

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud Platform

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

NewSQL database with distributed OLTP and SQL

Primary database model

Document store
Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	4.47
Rank	#76	Overall
	#12	Document stores

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	16.36
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	0.69
Rank	#230	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Score	0.45
Rank	#261	Overall
	#41	Document stores
	#122	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/datastore

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

rdf4j.org

www.sequoiadb.com

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/datastore/docs

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

opensearch.org/docs/latest

rdf4j.org/documentation

www.sequoiadb.com/en/index.php?m=Files&a=index

Developer

Google

Amazon Web Services

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Sequoiadb Ltd.

Initial release

2008

2011

2021

2004

2013

Current release

1.23, February 2021

2.5.0, January 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Open Source

Server: AGPL; Client: Apache V2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.
STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

yes

RDF Schemas

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes, details here

yes

oid, date, timestamp, binary, regex

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language (GQL)

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

proprietary protocol using JSON

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

Java
PHP
Python

.Net
C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

using Google App Engine

yes

JavaScript

Triggers

Callbacks using the Google Apps Engine

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication using Paxos

none

yes

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

using Google Cloud Dataflow

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration

Strong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

via ReferenceProperties or Ancestor paths

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Serializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of Transactions

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Document is locked during a transaction

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

simple password-based access control

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.