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DBMS > Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Datastore vs. Kinetica vs. PostgreSQL vs. QuestDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonPostgreSQL  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAutomatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsWidely used open source RDBMS infoDeveloped as objectoriented DBMS (Postgres), gradually enhanced with 'standards' like SQLA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infowith object oriented extensions, e.g.: user defined types/functions and inheritance. Handling of key/value pairs with hstore module.Time Series DBMSRDF store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Document store
Graph DBMS infowith Apache Age
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS infowith pgvector extension
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score4.47
Rank#76  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score645.54
Rank#4  Overall
#4  Relational DBMS
Score2.52
Rank#109  Overall
#9  Time Series DBMS
Score0.69
Rank#230  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­datastorewww.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.orgquestdb.iordf4j.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsdocs.kinetica.comwww.postgresql.org/­docsquestdb.io/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleKineticaPostgreSQL Global Development Group infowww.postgresql.org/­developerQuestDB Technology IncSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release200820121989 info1989: Postgres, 1996: PostgreSQL20142004
Current release7.1, August 202116.3, May 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoBSDOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC, C++CJava (Zero-GC), C++, RustJava
Server operating systemshostedLinuxFreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes, details hereyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infospecific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.no
Secondary indexesyesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language (GQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infostandard with numerous extensionsSQL with time-series extensionsno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languages.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java infoJDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresusing Google App Engineuser defined functionsuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes
TriggersCallbacks using the Google Apps Engineyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangeyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingpartitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hashhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication using PaxosSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsSource-replica replication with eventual consistencynone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsyesyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnoACIDACID for single-table writesACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnoyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users and roles on table levelfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud DatastoreKineticaPostgreSQLQuestDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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