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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MaxDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RethinkDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsFully managed big data interactive analytics platformDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.15
Rank#115  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score2.58
Rank#105  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablemaxdb.sap.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperGoogleSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997MicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release2015198420192009
Current release7.9.10.12, February 2024cloud service with continuous releases2.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC++C++
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDnoAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationyes infousers and table-level permissions

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRethinkDB
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