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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RRDtool vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Document store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMSTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score5.18
Rank#63  Overall
#11  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#7  Search engines
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score1.90
Rank#132  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.progress.com/­marklogicazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtooltrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.progress.com/­marklogic/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­doctrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftTobias OetikerApache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20152001201619992014
Current release11.0, December 20221.8.0, 20222.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageC++C++C infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedHP-UX
Linux
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesnono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL92yesnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
Java API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptTransact SQLnoJava Stored Procedures
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioningnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyesyesnoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsnonoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Role-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsyesnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRRDtoolTrafodion
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