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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Tibero vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Linter vs. Microsoft Azure AI Search vs. Tibero vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonLinter  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure AI Search  Xexclude from comparisonTibero  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.RDBMS for high security requirementsSearch-as-a-service for web and mobile app developmentA secure RDBMS, designed for easy portability from OracleVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMSVector DBMSSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.12
Rank#350  Overall
#152  Relational DBMS
Score5.52
Rank#59  Overall
#6  Search engines
Score1.59
Rank#148  Overall
#68  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablelinter.ruazure.microsoft.com/­en-us/­services/­searchus.tmaxsoft.com/­products/­tiberovirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docslearn.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­searchtechnet.tmaxsoft.com/­upload/­download/­online/­tibero/­pver-20150504-000002/­index.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGooglerelex.ruMicrosoftTmaxSoftOpenLink Software
Initial release20151990201520031998
Current releaseV16, April 20157.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageC and C++C and AssemblerC
Server operating systemshostedAIX
Android
BSD
HP Open VMS
iOS
Linux
OS X
VxWorks
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesnoyesyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
LINQ
ODBC
OLE DB
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Tibero CLI
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C
C#
C++
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Ruby
Tcl
C#
Java
JavaScript
Python
C
C#
C++
Cobol
Java
Objective-C
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoproprietary syntax with the possibility to convert from PL/SQLnoPersistent Stored Procedure (PSM)yes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnoyesnoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoby range, hash, list or compositeyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesSource-replica replicationyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono infoplanned for next versionyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes infousing Azure authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard (SQL 92, SQL 99)Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud BigtableLinterMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTiberoVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableLinterMicrosoft Azure AI SearchTiberoVirtuoso
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