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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Ingres vs. Lovefield vs. RDF4J vs. Trafodion

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonLovefield  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTrafodion  Xexclude from comparison
Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Well established RDBMSEmbeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScriptRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.33
Rank#286  Overall
#131  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgoogle.github.io/­lovefieldrdf4j.orgtrafodion.apache.org
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsdocs.actian.com/­ingresgithub.com/­google/­lovefield/­blob/­master/­docs/­spec_index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentationtrafodion.apache.org/­documentation.html
DeveloperGoogleActian CorporationGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP
Initial release20151974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s201420042014
Current release11.2, May 20222.1.12, February 20172.3.0, February 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageCJavaScriptJavaC++, Java
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js) infotested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, SafariLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesSQL-like query language infovia JavaScript builder patternnoyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScriptJava
PHP
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesnoyesJava Stored Procedures
TriggersnoyesUsing read-only observersyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslynonenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesIngres Replicatornonenoneyes, via HBase
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnononoyes infovia user defined functions and HBase
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Databaseyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes infousing MemoryDBno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardnonofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableIngresLovefieldRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTrafodion
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