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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpatiaLite

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. H2GIS vs. Ingres vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. SpatiaLite

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonH2GIS  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpatiaLite  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Spatial extension of H2Well established RDBMSFully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpatial extension of SQLite
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Spatial DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedSpatial DBMS
Secondary database modelsRelational DBMSDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.00
Rank#383  Overall
#7  Spatial DBMS
Score4.11
Rank#81  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score1.60
Rank#149  Overall
#3  Spatial DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.h2gis.orgwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.gaia-gis.it/­fossil/­libspatialite/­index
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.h2gis.org/­docs/­homedocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.gaia-gis.it/­gaia-sins/­spatialite_topics.html
DeveloperGoogleCNRSActian CorporationMicrosoftAlessandro Furieri
Initial release201520131974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20192008
Current release11.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases5.0.0, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoLGPL 3.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infoMPL 1.1, GPL v2.0 or LGPL v2.1
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemshostedAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
hostedserver-less
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availableyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyesyesKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infobased on H2yesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonehorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslySharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesyes infobased on H2Ingres Replicatoryes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)yes infobased on H2fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authenticationno

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableH2GISIngresMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpatiaLite
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