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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Percona Server for MySQL vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperFully managed big data interactive analytics platformEnhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-serverspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATESTspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisMicrosoftPerconaApache Software Foundation
Initial release20152006201920082014
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases8.0.36-28, 20243.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languagePythonC and C++Scala
Server operating systemshostedLinux
Unix
hostedLinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoNumeric data onlyyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesyesno
Secondary indexesnonoall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyesSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
Sockets
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersnonoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsnonoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infolockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory AuthenticationUsers with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or rolesno

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerPercona Server for MySQLSpark SQL
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