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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. MaxDB vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. GraphDB vs. MaxDB vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-D  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.A robust and reliable RDBMS optimized to run all major SAP solutionsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score2.26
Rank#114  Overall
#55  Relational DBMS
Score2.84
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.ontotext.commaxdb.sap.comravendb.netspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationmaxdb.sap.com/­documentationravendb.net/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperGoogleOntotextSAP, acquired from Software AG (Adabas-D) in 1997Hibernating RhinosApache Software Foundation
Initial release20152000198420102014
Current release10.4, October 20237.9.10.12, February 20245.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial infoLimited community edition freeOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC++C#Scala
Server operating systemshostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnostored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
WebDAV
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
Java
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityyesyesno
Triggersnonoyesyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnonenoneShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replicationSource-replica replicationMulti-source replicationnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate ConsistencyDefault ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoConstraint checkingyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACIDACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availableno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAuthorization levels configured per client per databaseno
More information provided by the system vendor
Google Cloud BigtableGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMaxDB infoformerly named Adabas-DRavenDBSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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