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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graph Engine vs. H2 vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraph Engine infoformer name: Trinity  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A distributed in-memory data processing engine, underpinned by a strongly-typed RAM store and a general distributed computation engineFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score0.61
Rank#240  Overall
#21  Graph DBMS
#35  Key-value stores
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Score20.56
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.graphengine.iowww.h2database.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docswww.graphengine.io/­docs/­manualwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogleMicrosoftThomas MuellerMicrosoft
Initial release2015201020052016
Current release2.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation language.NET and CJavaC++
Server operating systemshosted.NETAll OS with a Java VMhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyesyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
RESTful HTTP APIJDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
F#
Visual Basic
JavaC#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyesJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined FunctionsTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardinghorizontal partitioningnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesWith clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a databaseyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyesno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesoptional: either by committing a write-ahead log (WAL) to the local persistent storage or by dumping the memory to a persistent storageyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardyes

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGraph Engine infoformer name: TrinityH2Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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