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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. IBM Cloudant vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonIBM Cloudant  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Database as a Service offering based on Apache CouchDBElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.97
Rank#92  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score2.85
Rank#95  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score18.98
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ibm.com/­products/­cloudantazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docscloud.ibm.com/­docs/­Cloudantdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
DeveloperGoogleGoogleIBM, Apache Software Foundation infoIBM acquired Cloudant in February 2014Microsoft
Initial release2015201720102016
License infoCommercial or Open Sourcecommercialcommercialcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesyesyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageErlangC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedhostedhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Ruby
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoView functions (Map-Reduce) in JavaScriptTransact SQL
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infoStrict serializable isolationno infoatomic operations within a document possibleACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic lockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users can be defined per databaseyes

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud SpannerIBM CloudantMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
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