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DBMS > Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox

System Properties Comparison Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Google Cloud Datastore vs. Graphite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. RDFox

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Datastore  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonRDFox  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Automatically scaling NoSQL Database as a Service (DBaaS) on the Google Cloud PlatformData logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperFully managed big data interactive analytics platformHigh performance knowledge graph and semantic reasoning engine
Primary database modelKey-value store
Wide column store
Document storeTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.36
Rank#72  Overall
#12  Document stores
Score4.83
Rank#67  Overall
#4  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score0.29
Rank#300  Overall
#24  Graph DBMS
#13  RDF stores
Websitecloud.google.com/­bigtablecloud.google.com/­datastoregithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oxfordsemantic.tech
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscloud.google.com/­datastore/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oxfordsemantic.tech
DeveloperGoogleGoogleChris DavisMicrosoftOxford Semantic Technologies
Initial release20152008200620192017
Current releasecloud service with continuous releases6.0, Septermber 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourcecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud serviceyesyesnoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languagePythonC++
Server operating systemshostedhostedLinux
Unix
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoRDF schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyes, details hereNumeric data onlyyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesnoall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like query language (GQL)noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
HTTP API
Sockets
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL 1.1
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnousing Google App EnginenoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoCallbacks using the Google Apps Enginenoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication using Paxosnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.replication via a shared file system
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyes infousing Google Cloud DataflownoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on type of query and configuration infoStrong Consistency is default for entity lookups and queries within an Entity Group (but can instead be made eventually consistent). Other queries are always eventual consistent.noneEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode, Eventual Consistency in replicated setups
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infovia ReferenceProperties or Ancestor pathsnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataAtomic single-row operationsACID infoSerializable Isolation within Transactions, Read Committed outside of TransactionsnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)noAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRoles, resources, and access types

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More resources
Google Cloud BigtableGoogle Cloud DatastoreGraphiteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerRDFox
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