DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. OrientDB vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. OrientDB vs. Quasardb vs. Stardog vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Distributed, high-performance timeseries database

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Time Series DBMS

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	0.14
Rank	#332	Overall
	#29	Time Series DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

orientdb.org

quasar.ai

www.stardog.com

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

doc.quasar.ai/master

docs.stardog.com

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

Google

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

quasardb

Stardog-Union

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Initial release

2010

2009

2010

1998

Current release

3.2.29, March 2024

3.14.1, January 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache version 2

commercial

Free community edition, Non-profit organizations and non-commercial usage are eligible for free licenses

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

hosted

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

BSD
Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

integer and binary

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

with tags

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language, no joins

SQL-like query language

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

HTTP API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Java, Javascript

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

PL/SQL

Triggers

Hooks

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

consistent hashing

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication

Source-replica replication with selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

with Hadoop integration

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by using LevelDB

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

Transient mode

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Cryptographically strong user authentication and audit trail

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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