DBMS > Google BigQuery vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison Google BigQuery vs. NebulaGraph vs. Spark SQL vs. TinkerGraph vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A distributed, linear scalable, high perfomant Graph DBMS

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

A lightweight, in-memory graph engine that serves as a reference implementation of the TinkerPop3 API

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	58.10
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.23
Rank	#116	Overall
	#10	Graph DBMS

Score	18.04
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#345	Overall
	#35	Graph DBMS

Score	0.17
Rank	#334	Overall
	#148	Relational DBMS

Website

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/vesoft-inc/nebula
www.nebula-graph.io

spark.apache.org/sql

tinkerpop.apache.org/docs/current/reference/#tinkergraph-gremlin

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.nebula-graph.io

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Google

Vesoft Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2010

2019

2014

2009

1987

Current release

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0 + Common Clause 1.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Scala

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

hosted

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

Strong typed schema

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

Nebula Graph internally uses the Key-Value store RocksDB for persistency. The vertices, edges, and their properties are stored as Key while their values are stored as Value. The primary indexes are per Key and secondary indexes are per Value.

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

APIs and other access methods

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Browser interface
console (shell)
Cypher Query Language
GO Object Graph Mapper
Java Object Graph Mapper
NGBatis

ORM framework for NebulaGraph and Spring-Boot
Proprietary native API
Python Object Graph Mapper
Query language nGQL

JDBC
ODBC

TinkerPop 3

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
C++
Go
Java
PHP
Python

Java
Python
R
Scala

Groovy
Java

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

user defined functions

yes

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes, utilizing Spark Core

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Causal Clustering using Raft protocol

none

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using RocksDB

yes

optional

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Role-based access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

NebulaGraph is a truly distributed, linearly scalable, lightning-fast graph database,...
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Competitive advantages

NebulaGraph boasts the world's only graph database solution that is able to host...
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Typical application scenarios

Social networking Fraud detection Knowledge graph Data warehouse management Anti...
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Key customers

Companies from a variety of industries have implemented NebulaGraph Database in production,...
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Market metrics

At our very early stage, NebulaGraph has already received over 10,000 stars on GitHub...
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Licensing and pricing models

NebulaGraph is open source and free to use under Apache 2.0 license.
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