DBMS > eXtremeDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

System Properties Comparison eXtremeDB vs. Google BigQuery vs. Milvus vs. TiDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Natively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clustering

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

A DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searches

TiDB is an open source distributed SQL database that supports Hybrid Transactional/Analytical Processing (HTAP) workloads. It is MySQL compatible and features horizontal scalability, strong consistency, and high availability.

Primary database model

Relational DBMS
Time Series DBMS

Relational DBMS

Vector DBMS

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#223	Overall
	#103	Relational DBMS
	#18	Time Series DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	2.31
Rank	#113	Overall
	#3	Vector DBMS

Score	4.66
Rank	#70	Overall
	#38	Relational DBMS

Website

www.mcobject.com

cloud.google.com/bigquery

milvus.io

pingcap.com

Technical documentation

www.mcobject.com/docs/extremedb.htm

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

milvus.io/docs/overview.md

docs.pingcap.com/tidb/stable

Developer

McObject

Google

PingCAP, Inc.

Initial release

2001

2010

2019

2016

Current release

8.2, 2021

2.3.4, January 2024

8.0.0, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus

TiDB Cloud: Fully-managed TiDB Service. Bring everything great about TiDB to the cloud.

Implementation language

C and C++

C++, Go

Go, Rust

Server operating systems

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Linux
macOS

10.14 or later
Windows

with WSL 2 enabled

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

Vector, Numeric and String

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

support of XML interfaces available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

with the option: eXtremeSQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

RESTful HTTP API

GORM
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
SQLAlchemy

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes

by defining events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning / sharding

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning (by key range)

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Active Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication

by means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication

by means of eXtremeDB High Availability option

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

with TiSpark Connector

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

full support since version 6.6

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Optimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies available

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

Role based access control and fine grained access rights

Fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

eXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more

TiDB is an advanced open-source, distributed SQL database for modern application...
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Competitive advantages

eXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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- HORIZONTAL SCALING : TiDB grants total transparency into your data workloads without...
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Typical application scenarios

IoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more

RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
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TiDB is ideal for transactional applications that require extreme scalability and...
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Key customers

Schneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
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Block, Pinterest, Catalyst, Bolt, Flipkart, Capcom, Shopee (E-commerce), JD Cloud...
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Market metrics

With hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations 3k+ enterprise...
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34K+ GitHub stars 5K+ members in TiDB Community Slack 1K+ community contributors...
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Licensing and pricing models

For server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
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Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
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TiDB Community : Free open source software (Apache 2.0) TiDB Self-Hosted : Enterprise...
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