DBMS > Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. Greenplum vs. Hive

System Properties Comparison Apache Impala vs. Google BigQuery vs. Greenplum vs. Hive

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Analytic DBMS for Hadoop

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

Analytic Database platform built on PostgreSQL. Full name is Pivotal Greenplum Database

A logical database in Greenplum is an array of individual PostgreSQL databases working together to present a single database image.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	13.77
Rank	#40	Overall
	#24	Relational DBMS

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	8.37
Rank	#48	Overall
	#30	Relational DBMS

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Website

impala.apache.org

cloud.google.com/bigquery

greenplum.org

hive.apache.org

Technical documentation

impala.apache.org/impala-docs.html

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.greenplum.org

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Cloudera

Google

Pivotal Software Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Initial release

2013

2010

2005

2012

Current release

4.1.0, June 2022

7.0.0, September 2023

3.1.3, April 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Linux

All OS with a Java VM

Data scheme

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

since Version 4.2

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

yes

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

JDBC
ODBC

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Supported programming languages

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

C
Java
Perl
Python
R

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

user defined functions

in JavaScript

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

selectable replication factor

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

yes

query execution via MapReduce

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles

based on Apache Sentry and Kerberos

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users, groups and roles

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